Formulation And Development of Levofloxacin 250 Mg Immediate-Release Tablet

Abstract

Levofloxacin, a third-generation fluoroquinolone antibiotic, is widely prescribed for respiratory, urinary, and soft-tissue infections due to its broad-spectrum antibacterial activity and high oral bioavailability. Immediate-release (IR) formulations of levofloxacin are essential for achieving rapid therapeutic concentrations, particularly in acute infections where early bacterial eradication improves clinical outcomes. The development of a robust IR tablet requires a comprehensive understanding of the physicochemical properties of levofloxacin, including its solubility, pHdependent dissolution, hygroscopicity, and potential incompatibilities with certain excipients. This review provides an in-depth analysis of formulation strategies, excipient selection, processing methods, and evaluation parameters involved in developing levofloxacin 250 mg IR tablets.The article discusses the roles of diluents, binders, disintegrants, lubricants, and glidants in optimizing tablet characteristics such as flowability, compressibility, mechanical strength, and disintegration. Manufacturing techniques—including direct compression, dry granulation, and wet granulation—are compared based on their suitability for levofloxacin’s physicochemical profile. Quality control tests such as hardness, friability, weight variation, disintegration time, dissolution profile, assay, and stability studies are reviewed with a focus on ensuring compliance with pharmacopeial standards. The article also highlights recent advancements in formulation technologies, including co-processed excipients and improvement of dissolution enhancement methods. This review aims to assist formulators and researchers in designing stable, efficient, and therapeutically effective levofloxacin IR tablets.

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